Tuberculosis Remains the World’s Deadliest Infectious Disease: WHO

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By EoK Editorial:

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be the leading infectious disease killer worldwide, with 1.25 million deaths recorded in 2023, according to the latest report from the World Health Organization (WHO). Despite being preventable and curable, TB remains a significant public health crisis, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, including Kenya.


The Silent Threat of TB

WHO estimates that a quarter of the global population is infected with TB bacteria, but most people do not develop the active disease. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium that mainly affects the lungs and spreads through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or spits.


Common symptoms include:

🟠 Persistent cough lasting more than two weeks

🟠 Fever and night sweats

🟠 Unexplained weight loss

🟠 Fatigue and chest pain

If left untreated, TB can be fatal. However, early diagnosis and consistent treatment with antibiotics can cure the disease and prevent its spread.


Progress and Challenges in the Fight Against TB

Since 2000, global efforts have saved 79 million lives through improved diagnosis, treatment, and prevention programs. However, WHO warns that more needs to be done to achieve the global goal of ending TB by 2030.

In Kenya, TB remains a major public health concern, with thousands of new infections reported annually. The disease is particularly severe among immunocompromised individuals, such as HIV/AIDS patients, and in overcrowded, poor living conditions where access to healthcare is limited.


Challenges in combating TB include:

🔴 Late diagnosis due to lack of awareness

🔴 Limited access to healthcare services, especially in rural areas

🔴 Rising cases of drug-resistant TB, making treatment more complex and expensive

🔴 Stigma and misinformation, preventing people from seeking medical help

What Can Be Done?

To reduce TB infections and fatalities, WHO recommends:

✅ Increased public awareness on TB symptoms and prevention

✅ Early detection through screening and testing

✅ Access to free or affordable treatment for all patients

✅ Government commitment to strengthen healthcare systems and TB control programs


Protect Yourself and Your Loved Ones

Health experts urge Kenyans to seek medical attention immediately if they experience persistent cough, fever, or weight loss, especially after coming into contact with a TB patient. Early treatment not only saves lives but also helps curb the spread of the disease.


For more information on TB prevention and treatment, watch WHO’s Science in 5 video here: https://bit.ly/4hDXESj


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